Camellia oleifera fruits picking period is affected by environmental factors, different regions have different weather, climate, temperature, soil fertility and other conditions, resulting in early and late maturity of Camellia oleifera fruits, so the picking time of oil tea fruit should be based on its specific. Mature degree depends. The last month before harvesting is the peak period of oil accumulation, during which the oil content of the fruit increases most significantly, accompanied by the mutual transformation of internal nutrients. However, during this period, the external morphological characteristics of the fruit, such as shape and size, fresh fruit quality and color, tend to be stable and do not change significantly, which makes it difficult for tea farmers to determine the maturity of the fruit and the optimal harvesting period. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a rapid and accurate method to detect the maturity of Camellia oleifera fruits, which can help in the accurate harvesting operation of Camellia oleifera fruits.